除铁器在陶瓷行业的使用现状及其发展要求

Application status and development requirements of iron remover in ceramic industry

中国粉体网讯  纵观整个陶瓷行业，需要除铁的产品越来越多，除了日用陶、卫生洁具外，各类浅白色釉面墙地砖和抛光砖等也加入此行列。除此之外，除铁要求也变得越来越高：一条生产线由原来不用除铁器到安装一个除铁器，再到安装 3～4 个多级串联除铁器；一个除铁槽的吸铁磁棒由原来的一二十支发展到二三百支。

Throughout the ceramic industry, China's powder network requires more and more iron removal products. In addition to the daily use of pottery and sanitary ware, all kinds of light white glazed wall and floor tiles and polished bricks are also joined. In addition, the requirement for iron removal is getting higher and higher: a production line from the original without iron remover to the installation of a iron remover, and to the installation of 3~4 multistage series of iron remover; a iron removal trough of iron sucking rod from the original ten or twenty to two hundred or three hundred.

★除铁器在陶瓷行业的使用现状

The current situation of the use of iron remover in the ceramic industry

1、除铁成本越来越高

1. The cost of iron removal is getting higher and higher

由于矿山资源消耗过快，许多企业都已无法就近寻找也无力购买低含铁的标准原料，只好采用下游处理的方式，大量使用除铁器，一条线上除铁工序最多已达十多个择作工人。

Because of the excessive consumption of mine resources, many enterprises have been unable to find the standard raw materials of low iron content and have to use the way of downstream treatment. A large number of iron remover are used, and one line removal process has reached more than 10 selected workers at most.

2、质量管理难于控制

2. Quality management is difficult to control

陶瓷清洗方式全是靠人工择作，质量难于保障。通常一组磁棒 100～300 根，每班 1～3 名工人，一支接一支不停地轮流清洗，约 1～2h 洗一遍，当原料含铁较高时，常常出现磁棒周围粘贴的铁泥杂质厚厚一层，除铁效果显著下降了。

Ceramic cleaning is done by manual selection and quality is difficult to guarantee. Usually a group of 100~300 magnetic rods, 1~3 workers in each class, one by one and one by one, washing, about 1 to 2H. When the iron is high, the iron mud around the magnetic rod is often thicker, and the effect of iron removal is significantly decreased.

3、永久磁棒质量不稳定

3. The quality of permanent magnetic rod is unstable

就目前来说，永久磁棒的生产厂家太多，牌子太杂，也有不少为粗制滥造产品，采用劣质材料，棒的两端密封又不严。这些产品充斥市场后，使企业使用的磁棒平均寿命不断下降，其次是市场上磁棒 B 值的“标称”普遍偏高，多为高出实测值的(50～100)%。

At present, the manufacturer of permanent magnetic rod is too many, the brand is too miscellaneous, and there are many for the rough products, the use of inferior materials, the ends of the rod are sealed and not tight. After these products are flooded with the market, the average life span of the magnetic rods used by the enterprises is decreasing, and the second is that the "nominal" of the B value of the magnetic rods on the market is generally high, which is more than the measured value of (50~100)%.

与我国不同，世界发达国家陶瓷原料都是集中加工标准化生产的，它们的除铁设备多为大规格，大流量、大功率、全自动的电磁除铁器，体积庞大、价格昂贵，少则几十万，多则几百万元。磁选能力强、使用寿命长、自动化程度高而又较为经济适用的新型除铁产品一直是陶瓷生产商希望得到的，具体要求如下：

Different from our country, the ceramic raw materials of the developed countries in the world are standardized production of centralized processing. Their iron removal equipment is mostly large size, large flow, high power, automatic electromagnetic iron remover, large volume, high price, few hundreds of thousands, and many millions of yuan. The new type of iron removal products with strong magnetic separation capacity, long service life, high automation and more economical application are always expected by the ceramic manufacturers, and the following are as follows:

(1)永磁除铁磁棒 B 值应在 6000GS 以上，使用温度应在 70～80℃以上，因为有些原料在球磨机出浆口的温度就可达 70℃以上。使用寿命应保证两年以上，B 值不下降 50%。

(1) the B value of permanent magnetic iron removal magnetic rod should be above 6000GS, and the use temperature should be above 70~80 C, because some raw materials can reach more than 70 degrees centigrade at the pulping port of the ball mill. The service life should be guaranteed for more than two years, and the B value will not drop by 50%.

(2)电磁除铁器磁感应强度要高，这是高白度产品的需要：①制造与购置成本要降低，电磁能量较换效率要高；②做好导磁材料的密闭技术，避免氧化而缩短使用寿命；③应制作多种相同流量不同功率的除铁器，以适应多级串联时经济使用的需要。

(2) the magnetic induction intensity of the electromagnetic iron remover is high, which is the need of high whiteness products: (1) the cost of the manufacture and purchase should be reduced, the electromagnetic energy is higher than the efficiency of exchange, and the closed technology of the magnetic material is well closed to avoid the oxidation and the service life is avoided; and the various kinds of iron remover with the same flow and different power should be made to adapt to the multistage series. The need for economic use.

(3)除铁器的清洗自动化程度要高：①不要人工干预；②清洗周期可调；③浪费浆(粉)料和水最少，尤其是釉浆除铁；④污水处理循环利用时，除铁器的废水还应专门处理。

(3) the degree of automation for the cleaning of the iron is high: (1) do not intervene artificially; (2) the cleaning cycle can be adjusted; 3. Waste pulp (powder) and water are least, especially the glaze pulp iron removal; (4) the waste water in the iron device should be specially treated when the sewage treatment is recycled.

(4)在喷雾干燥塔中使用要求有效流量要大，连续不间断，除铁效果要好。

(4) in the spray drying tower, the effective flow rate is large and continuous, and the iron removal effect is better.

(5)结构要简单，装拆对接、操作控制与维修保养容易，体积尽可能小，使用安全可靠，能适应老生产成的改造安装。

(5) the structure is simple, the installation and dismantling, the operation control and maintenance are easy, the volume is as small as possible, the use is safe and reliable, and it can adapt to the old production transformation and installation.

(6)浆(粉)传输途径中，要使用优质不锈钢材料，防止产生二次铁锈和其他杂质污染。

(6) high quality stainless steel should be used in the slurry (powder) transmission way to prevent two rust and other impurity contamination.